ANTVIRAL ACTIVITY OF JASMINUM SAMBAC (L.) AITON AGAINST FOOT AND MOUTH DISEASE VIRUS

Abstract

Jasminum sambac (L.) Aiton, a plant used in this study to exploit its virucidal as well as cytoxic potential against Foot and Mouth Disease Virus (FMDV) by using cell culture technique. FMD virus considered as causal agent of the disease which influences the domesticated livestock and became a cause of intense sickness. Analysis was done with the help of extract that collected from the stem and leaf of plant. Extract taken with different solvents such as n-hexane, chloroform and aqueous stem and leaf extract. Results of analysis revealed that extract of n-hexane leaf did not have any virucidal ability against Food and Mouth Disease Virus and this extract against cells of Baby Hamster Kidney (BHK-21) was non-toxic at concentration range of 3.9 μg/mL-250 μg/mL while extract of alcohol and aqueous showed potential of antiviral at 1000 μg/mL-2000 μg/mL concentration range. Meanwhile, chloroform extract showed toxic at 1000 μg/mL and 2000 μg/mL against cells of BHK-21 while antiviral ability of chloroform extract was showed at 125 μg/mL well as at 250 μg/mL. Aqueous and alcohol leaf extract at 125 μg/mL with Cell Survival Percentage (CSP) fifty two percent (52%) revealed their antiviral ability, both of the extracts confirmed their toxicity at 250 μg/mL-2000 μg/mL. Jasminum sambac (L.) Aiton showed antiviral potential that is due to oleuropein, a chemical constituent, which is a constituent of flowers and inhibits efficiently excretion of Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) in human hepatic cells (HepG2).