SEPSIS: CAUSES, SYMPTOMS, DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT/PREVENTION PROCEDURES

Abstract

Current studies were performed to evaluate the causes, symptoms, diagnosis and
treatment/prevention procedures of sepsis. Major cause of sepsis includes skin infection, urinary tract
infection, dental or gums infection, respiratory illness, pneumonia (bacterial infection); blood stream
infection and an increase in antibiotic resistance. People with diabetes, kidney failure or under
treatment in intensive care unit (ICU) are easily infected. More than 60% sepsis prevails in adults
aging greater than 65 years; children under age 5-12 are also at risk of infection. The symptoms of
sepsis include shivering, chill fever, pale clammy skin, difficulty in breathing and low platelets count.
Sepsis can lead to organ failure including lungs, kidney, heart and liver and death. Sepsis is diagnosed
by X-rays, CT scan, blood pressure tests, respiratory secretion testing and tests of wound culture, urine
and stool samples. It can be treated by using antibiotics, oxygen therapy, anti-infectious management,
fluid resuscitation and vascular medication. Sepsis can be prevented by keeping scraps and wounds
clean and getting vaccination against potential infections and good hygiene practices.