PHYTOCHEMICAL AND PHYSICOCHEMICAL SCREENING; A BIODIRECTED HPLC AND GC-MS ANALYSIS OF SHOOT PART OF GUAIACUM OFFICINALE L.

Abstract

ABSTRACT: Medicinal plants have a potential source for countless medicinal compounds. The present study explores the therapeutic potential of aerial parts of Guaiacum officinale. Various analysis like phytochemical, physicochemical, antioxidant, antibacterial and anticancer of extracts and fractions were performed. Phytochemical results revealed the presence of few metabolites like alkaloids, carbohydrates, saponins and flavonoids whereas others gave moderate to low presence. For antibacterial assay ten bacterial pathogens were tested by well diffusion method and were observed sensitive mostly. Cytotoxic potential was explored through MTT test on BHK (normal) and HepG2 (cancerous) cell lines. Only ethanol extracts of leaf and shoot parts showed significant IC50 at 0.89 and 1.37 mg/ml concentrations respectively. Likewise, ethanol fractions like F=1, 3 to 5 predicted IC50 at 2.89, 2.96, 2.61 and 1.91 mg/ml respectively. No toxic effects were shown against normal cell line, reflecting the G. officinale has safe applications in anti-cancer therapy. The DPPH in-vitro analysis explored its profound antioxidant potential; ethanol shoot fraction (F=4) having significant % RSA (69.30 %).