COMPARATIVE ASSESSMENT OF BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITIES OF SESAMUM INDICUM AND SESAMUM RADIATUM EXTRACTS AND CHEMICAL CHARACTERIZATION

Abstract

Current research focuses on investigating the medicinal properties of the aqueous extract obtained from the seeds of Sesamum indicum and Sesamum radiatum. Various tests were conducted to evaluate the antioxidant, antidiabetic, antimicrobial and hemolytic activities of both plants. The extraction yields for S. indicum and S. radiatum seed extracts were found to be 21.87% and 44.63%, respectively. Both S. indicum and S. radiatum was the most active antioxidant and showed maximum total phenolic content (55.97±2 and 65.28±1.1 mg GAE/100 g), total flavonoid content (64.0±0.4 and 68.8±1.9 mg CE/100 g) and free radical scavenging activity (46.26% and 36.62 %) respectively. Both plants showed no antibacterial activity, with a zone of inhibition of 0 mm against both E. coli and S. aureus. For alpha-amylase inhibition, the aqueous extract of S. indicum showed a mean inhibition of 37.13%, while S. radiatum showed 33.02%. The % hemolysis of S. indicum and S. radiatum was 4.231±1.35 and 5.790±1.35 respectively. The extracts were chemically characterized using FTIR. Every activity's results were reported as mean ± S.D and the T-test was used to determine whether the results were statistically significant.  However, further research is required to comprehensively assess their therapeutic properties and explore their potential applications.