STRUCTURAL CHARACTERIZATION, ANTIOXIDANT, ANTIDIABETIC AND ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITIES OF TRACHYSPERMUM AMMI AND FOENICULUM VULGARE

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to analyze the chemical composition, anti-diabetic, antioxidant and antibacterial properties of seeds of Trachyspermum ammi and Foeniculum vulgare. The flavonoid and phenolic contents among both plants were significantly varied (P < 0.05). The methanolic extract of T.ammi and F.vulgare showed the highest scavenging ability of DPPH (60.0798% and 77.84431%) respectively. It was discovered that the growth of Gram-positive bacterial strains was significantly inhibited by T. ammi and F. vulgare with an estimated inhibition zone of 11 mm and 13 mm respectively, against staphylococcus strains. In case of gram-negative bacteria both plants showed no inhibition zone. Aqueous extract of T. ammi and ethyl acetate of F.vulgare showed maximum percentages for antidiabetic activity as determined by glycation inhibition assay. High Performance Liquid Chromatography showed that both plants contain gallic acid and quercetin as major chemical compounds. FTIR of Trachyspermum ammi showed the presence of compounds like alcohol, phenols, carboxylic acid, Sulfones, sulfonyl chlorides, sulfates, sulfonamides, primary and secondary amines and amides and aromatic compounds. Similarly, in Foeniculum vulgare compounds like alcohols, phenols, aldehyde, carboxylic acid, ether, ester, anhydrides and amines were identified.