Comparison of emissions from Pre-Euro, Euro-II and Euro-IV Motorcycles and Cars in Lahore

Abstract

This study investigated vehicular emissions of carbon monoxide (CO), nitrogen oxides (NOx), and hydrocarbons (HC) from cars and motorcycles in Lahore, Pakistan. Vehicles were categorized based on emission standards (Euro IV, Euro II) and Pre Euro vehicles. Emissions testing revealed a strong correlation between vehicle age and pollutant levels, with older, pre-Euro vehicles exhibiting significantly higher emissions compared to newer, Euro II and Euro IV compliant models. Specifically, older cars frequently exceeded Punjab Environmental Quality Standards (PEQS) for CO. While Euro II vehicles demonstrated some improvement, the data highlights the effectiveness of stricter emission standards in reducing pollution. These findings underscore the need for policies targeting older vehicles, including scrappage programs and stricter enforcement of existing standards, alongside promoting cleaner vehicle technologies to improve air quality in Lahore